Skype
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Skype — Википедия |
Skype — проприетарный сервис, обеспечивающий возможность общения голосом между компьютерами, либо между компьютером и телефонным аппаратом в публичной телефонной сети (это носит название "Skype Out"). Звонки между компьютерами бесплатны, для общения с абонентами телефонных сетей требуется вносить оплату. Разработку сервиса произвели те же люди, что в свое время создали файлообменный протокол Kazaa.
Contents
Возможности
IM-функциональность
Помимо голосового общения в Skype-клиенте присутствует возможность передачи текстовых сообщений между пользователями Skype-клиентов. Есть ростер и статусы. Также возможна передача файлов. Что позволяет считать Skype еще одной системой мгновенного обмена сообщениями. Наряду с Jabber и ICQ. Изначально она была достаточно бедная и малофункциональная, так до версии 5.0 не поддерживалась доставка сообщений пользователям в offline, но постепенно стала развиваться и в настоящее время некоторыми пользователями используется больше чем ключевая функция по обмену голосовой информацией.
Штатный клиент
Существуют клиенты для MacOS X, GNU/Linux (только для 32-бит x86), MS Windows, Windows Mobile, Symbian. Также есть клиент для игровых устройств Sony PSP. Появился клиент для Android.
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Взаимодействие с XMPP
Посредством транспорта Karaka. Но по факту это решение (Karaka) для одного или нескольких человек (обладающим ресурсами и квалификацией для её запуска). Реализовать на нем транспорт для большого количества пользователей не получится. Такие проблемы в первую очередь возникают по причине закрытости протокола Skype. Т.е. можно уверенно сказать, что взаимодействия между Skype и XMPP нету и вряд ли будет.
Со Skype-пользователями возможно общение через Imo.im. А также, возможно, через IM+ (платный) и TalkonautПроверить: эта информация непроверена.
Теория
Популярность и аналоги
В XMPP протоколом для передачи голосовых данных является Jingle.
По-видимому, Skype является одним из самых популярных сервисов подобного рода в мире. GTalk, обладающий также возможностью совершать голосовые звонки между компьютерами, гораздо менее популярен. Хотя его качество достаточно близко к Skype. Возможность звонком на абонентов телефонных сетей -Проверить: отсутствует.
В России в качестве замены Skype (для звонки на реальные телефонные номерам) вполне возможно использование SIP. Услуги которого представляют достаточное количество компаний. Например, sipnet.
Ранее альтернативой можно было назвать Gizmo, но его приобрела Google.
В силу наличия функции голосовых конференций (в сентябре услуга Skypecast была приостановлена) используется небольшими компаниями, у которых отсутствуют средства для построения собственных корпоративных средств VoIP-телефонии.
Критика
С установкой этого ПО ваш компьютер превращается в транзитный узел сети Skype, через который передается информация других пользователей. В силу закрытости технологии, криптования траффика и надежной защиты клиентской реализации невозможен полноценный аудит этой системы на предмет злонамеренных действий её создателей или лиц, получивших над ней контроль.
Учетная запись
Можно получить через веб. Подтверждение из почты не требуется.